Carburetor



March 27, 1934,

D" ORSAY MCC. WHITE CARBURETOR Filed Maron 14,

n 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 GARBURETOR Filed March 14, 1931 y D ORSAY MCC. WHITE March 27, 1934.

March 27, 1934. D'oRsAY Mec. WHITE 1,9525697 CARBURETOR Filed March 14, 1931 4 Sheets-'Sheet 3 March 27, DoRsAY Moc.' WHITE CARBURETOR 4 sheets-sheet 4 Filed Mareh 14, 1931 Patented Mar. 27, 1934 iUNITED STATES CABBURETOR DOrsay McCall White, Indianapolis, Ind., as-

signor to Champion Carburetor, a trust Application March 14, .1931, Serial No. 522,559

1,4 Claims.

-This invention relates to improvements in carburetors and particularly to devices of this kind wherein liquid fuel is atomized and mixed with air to form the combustible charge delivered to the engine, and one of the objects of the invention is to provide improved means for automatically regulating and controlling the mixtureof air and gas by the suction or vacuum created in the engine.

A further object is to provide in a carburetor of this character jets for supplying fuel to the engine and improved means for passing the primaryl air across the jets at a high velocity, thereby insuring that the fuel will be fully volatilized.

A further object is to provide an improved fuel nozzle having a rotatable element for controlling the discharge of fuel therefrom, and improved means operatively connecting the said element with an auxiliary air supply valve, which, when the latter is caused to beopened by the atmospheric pressure entering to break or overcome the vacuum formed, according to the speed of the engine and requirements of the motor, will rotate the said element, thereby varying the size of the outlet openings inthe nozzle.

To the attainment of these ends and the accomplishment of other new and useful objects as will appear, the invention consists in the features of novelty in substantially the construction,

combinationand arrangement of` the several parts hereinafter more fully described and claimed and shown in the accompanying drawings illustrating this invention, andin which Figure 1 is a top plan'view of a carburetor constructed in accordance with the principles of this invention.

Figure 2 is a view taken on line 3 3, Figure 1. Figure 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken on line 3 3, Figure 4, with parts omitted and with parts broken away.

Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view taken on line 4 4, Figure 1.

sectional view of Figure 11 is a view partly in elevation, partly in section and partly broken away of the form of the invention shown in Figure 9, and of the connection between the supplemental air valve and ing at 'the upper portion thereof a flange 16 65* adapted for connection with the intake manifold of an engine, and provided with a throttle 17 disposed in the tubular neck or mixing chamber 18 adjoining the flange. At one side ofthe casing, preferably near the lower end thereof, is connected a fuel bowl or reservoir 19, which is provided. with a valve 20 for controlling the supply of fuel to the reservoir and which fuel enters through the usual supply pipe 21. The valve 20 is controlled by a float 22, and in order to regulate or control the height of the liquid in the reservoir 19, a plunger 23 is provided which is ladapted to be retracted by means of a spring 24 and togbe depressed against the stress of the spring by means of an arm or lever 25 so as 80 to position the extremity of the plunger so as to engag and depress the float 22 and to hold the latter in its depressed position until the desired amount of fuel has entered the reservoir.

The reservoir is provided with an outlet openprojecting above the partition and in alinement with the neck 18 and is provided with an open chamber 31 therein, the diameter of which chamber preferably decreases in cross sectional area from the ends thereof towards the longitudinal center.

ber 31 is an opening which is provided with a portion 32 of a uniform diameter throughout its length, and which diameter is considerably small- Extending through the bottom of the member 30 and communicating with the chamer than the diameter of the adjacent portion of ythe chamber 31, and beyond the portion 32 the opening increases in diameter throughout its length as at 33, to the end of the member and these openings 32-33 form the seat for a valve member to be later described.

of direct line of suction y volatilized and can be readily'further diluted by Y the supplemental air supplyr. The fuel and air Extending through the bottom of the member 30 beyond the chamber 31 are openings 34, which in turn communicate with openings 35, the latter being in communication with the portion 33 of the opening in thebottom of the member so as to form a passageway for liquid which accumulates upon the partition 29 outside of the chamber 31, to direct path of the incoming air.

Arranged below the member 30 and mounted in a supporting portion 36 is a nozzle 37 which is provided with openings 38 communicating with a central opening 39. The nozzle 37 is held 1n position in any desired or suitable manner preferably by means of a nut`40 engaging a flanged plug member 41, which presses against the bottom of the nozzle 37 to force a flange 42 on the nozzle against an abutting shoulder, and when in position the openings 38 will communicate with the chamber or passage 43 in the supporting portion 36, and which passage 43 has cornmunication with the passage 28, so that liquid from the reservoir 19 flowing into the passage 28 will be delivered into the chamber or passage- 43 as well as into the openings 38, and through the passages 39 into branch passages 44 that radiate from the passage 39 adjacent the top of the nozzle 37. The upper extremity of the nozzle is tapered and the passages 44 extend through the tapered portion of the nozzle.

-Rotatably supported upon the nozzle is a valve member 45 which is provided with a conical recess 46 telescoped over the tapered portion of the nozzle and beneath the conical portion of the valve is' a portion 47 of uniform diameter throughout its length which encompasses the body of the nozzle. The valve member is tapered as at 48 and is 49 in the tapered outer surface, converging to a common point at the apex of the valve. The valve is heldupon its seat for rotation with respect thereto in any suitable manner preferably by means of a fastening screw 50 which passes through the bottom of a recess 51 opening through the apex of the valve and engages in the end of the nozzle 37. A spring 52 is arranged in the recess 51-to press against the bottom thereof and also against the head of the screw 50 so that the valve will be held tightly upon its seat. Passing through the valve 45 are openings 53 which .communicate with the branches 44 of the passage 39 in the valve, and these openings 53 communicate with the grooves 49 and are disposed at substantially right angles to the groove. Any number of openings 53 may be provided in each of the grooves 49 for registration with the respective branches 44, and the size of the openings may vary so that when the valve 45 is rotated, the amount of fuel discharged through the openings 44 may be controlled. l

During the operation of the device the incoming primary air passes across the openings `53 at a. high velocity, thereby causing a complete atomization of the fuel, and as the passages 49 andthe vopenings 53 are arranged at substantially right anglestoeach other, the openings 53 will be out and the fuel will be fully from the' nozzle will pass through the Venturi tube formed by the walls of the chamber 31.

A ny liquid which is deposited upon the'partition 29 will be directed by means of the openings 34-35 into' the grooves or passageways 49 andthe same back in'to 'the provided with a series of grooves will mixv with the air flowing into the Venturi tube or chamber 31.

The partition 29 is provided with an opening 54 controlled by a valve 55 and this valve is spring. loaded so as to normally maintain the same closed, and the valve is adapted to be opened by the suction created in the engine cylinder to supply supplemental air when desired, and in order to automatically control the supply of fuel by the operation ofthe valve 55, any suitable means may be provided forl connecting the valve 55 with the rotatable valve 45, with the result that the operation of the valve 45 will be responsive to the movement of the valve 55.

A simple and efficient means for accomplishing this result embodies an arm or projection 56 depending from the valve 55. To this projection is connected a yoke 57 having sleeves 58 rotatably supported thereby. Connected with the valve 45 in any desired or suitable manner is a rod 59, and one end of this rod passes through the sleeve 58, a collar 60 being threaded on one end of the rod. A collar 61 is also threaded on the rod and between the collar 61 and the sleeve 58 is a spring 62 to form a yieldable connection 100 between the rod and the yoke 57.

It will thus'be seen that when the valve 55 is moved about its pivot 63 the rod 59 will be shifted through the yielding connection 62 and this in turn will rotate the valve 45, the extent of rotationof the latter being controlled by the extent of movement of the valve 55.

In Figures 3 and 4 of the drawings, two nozzles and valves 45 are disclosed,and as the construction and operation of each of the valves is the same, the description of one will apply equally as well to them both.

Any suitable spring loading means for the `valve l 55 may be provided, but a simple and eiicient construction embodies a tubular member 64 which ispll closed at one end and is threaded into a bearing 65 adjacent the valve 55. A plunger 66 moves freely in the tubular member 64 and a spring 67 contacts with the plunger 66 and also with a bearing member 68in the tubular member 64. A link 69 is pivotally connected to the valve 55 as at 70 and may be provided with a ball shaped extremity 71'- which engages inv a seat 72 in the plunger 66. The tension of thespring 67 forces the valve 55 upon its seat andby adjusting the the proper amount or proportion of air withD respect to the fuel will be supplied and will be automatically controlled by the engine suction.

In the form of the invention shown in Figures 9, l0 and 11, the nozzle 74v is hollow and is provided with a tapering extremity 75 having openings 76 through the tapered portion. Lugs orv projections 77 are also provided on the tapered portion to extend thereabove and enter the Ven- I 'tur'i members' 78 .toform the passages for the air across thel conical portion 75 and the opening 76,- the bottom of the member 78 being flared as at 79. This member 74 is held stationary andarranged therein is a valve-member 80, having passages 81 in its peripheryadapted to be brought into register with the openings 76. Connected with the valve members is a stem 82 and this stem is connected with a segment 83 having teeth 84 thereon. Connected to the arm 85 of the segment 83 is one end of the bar or rod 59 so that with this form of the invention when the valve 55 is operated by engine suction, the valve 80 andthe stem 82 will be rotated to control the discharge of 'fuel through the openings 76. Springs 86 are provided to hold the valves 80 against their seats. The teeth 84 of the segment 83 mesh with teeth 87 of a segment 88, which latter is connected to the stem 89 of another valve so that, and as shown in Figure 9, two valves will be actuated upon each operation of the valve 55.

Obviously, if it is desired to provide only a single valve the segmental connection between the valve stems will be dispensed with.

At times, according to the type of engine and weather conditions, it may be necessary to increase the rate of acceleration by means of enriching the mixture and this may be accomplished by providing a displacement piston 90, see particularly Figures 1 1and 2 suitably connected by means of links 91 with a pivot of the throttle valve 18. This piston is reciprocable in a cylinder 92 which has connection by means of 'an opening 93 (see also Figure 3), with the chamber or passage 43, sov that the liquid level in the nozzle or opening 39 and the reservoir 19 will be maintained the same when the throttle valveis closed. When, however, the throttle is suddenly opened the piston 90 will move downwardly, thereby displacing the fuel in the cylinder 92 against the non-return valve 27, closing the outlet 26 of the reservoir, with the result that the fuel thus displaced from the cylinder 92 will be ejected through the fuel jet or nozzle.

With this improved construction it will be manifest that the fuel jets or nozzles are so controlled as to insure a proper proportion of fuel to the air by means of the automatic adjustment of the rotatable member of the nozzle, and that the proportions or mixture will be controlled by engine suction through themedium of the operation of the valve 55, with the further result that the proper ratio of air to fuel will be correct at all speeds and throughout the range of revolution of the engine, thereby insuring satisfactory 'torque to be maintained. i

While the preferred forms of the invention hav been herein shown and described, it is to be understood that various changes may be made in the details of construction and in the combination and arrangement of the several parts, within the scope of the claims, without departing from the spirit of this invention.

What is claimed as new isz- 1. A carburetor embodying a casing having a throttle controlled outlet, a mixing chamber adjacent thereto, said chamber having an inlet opening through one wall thereof, fuel supply openings outside of said chamber adjacent said wall in fixed spaced-relation thereto, said fuel openings being out of direct alinement with the said opening in the wall of said chamber, means for supplying air into said chamber and across saidA fuel openings whereby the fuel will be atomized' and means responsive to engine suction for controlling said supplemental supplyopening andto the action of lwhich last said means the said oscillatable valve is responsive.

2. A carburetor embodying liquid fuel atomizing means comprising a member having an open mixing chamber therein and provided with an opening in the bottom thereof, a nozzle embodying two members fitted one within the other and provided with telescoping tapered portions, said members being oscillatable, one with relation to the other, fuel ports in the said tapered portionsof said members and controlled by said relative movement of the members, means whereby air currents will be passed over said ports to atomizev the fuel into said chamber, means for supplying i supplemental air to the fuel mixture beyond said nozzle, and means responsive to engine suction for relatively moving said nozzle members for automatically controlling the supply of fuel delivered to said chamber.

3. A carburetor embodying a casing having a throttle controlled outlet and a mixing chamber adjacent thereto, a nozzle within the casing, said nozzle embodying concentrically arranged members having tapered telescoping portions, the tapered portion of one of saidy members having a plurality of air passages opening into said mixing chamber and fuel ports opening into said passages, the other member having ports therethrough for co-operation with the ports in said passages, said members being oscillatable one 105 with respect to the other to vary the elfective openings of said ports,there being an opening whereby air may be supplied to said passages across said ports, and means responsive to engine suction for supplying supplemental air to the TID mixture, and to the operation of which last said means the relative movement of the said nozzle members is responsive.

4. A carburetor embodying a casing having a throttle controlled outlet and a mixing chamber adjacent thereto, a nozzle within the casing, said nozzle yembodying concentrically arranged members having tapered telescoping portions, the tapered portion of one of said members having a plurality of air passages opening into said mixing chamber and fuelports opening into said passages, the other' member having ports therethrough for co-operation with the ports in said passages, the said ports discharging into the said passages at substantially right angles to the path of flow of the airthrough the passages, said members being oscillatable one with respect to the other to vary the effective openings \of said ports, there being an opening whereby air may be supplied to said passages across said ports, and means responsive to engine suction for supplying supplemental air to the mixture, and to the operation of which last said means the relative movement of the said nozzle members is responsive.

5. A carburetor embodying liquid fuel atomiz- 135 ing means comprising a chambered member having a central inlet opening in its bottom, a nozzle having a conical extremity disposed below said chamber, projecting into the said opening and spaced from the wall thereof, fuel ports opening laterally through said tapered portion,

a conical valve member telescoping with and rotatable upon the tapered portion of the nozzle and provided with air passages in its periphery extending lengthwise thereof and communicating with said chamber, there being fuel ports in 'the valve member communicating with the respective passages and cooperating with the ports ingthe nozzle, an air supply valve controlled in v its operation by engine suction, and means whereby the operation of said supply valve will oscillate the nozzle valve member.

6. A carburetor embodying liquid fuel atomizing means comprising a chambered member having a central inlet opening in its bottom, a nozzle having a conical extremity disposed below said chamber, projecting into the said opening and spaced from the wall thereof, fuel ports opening laterally through said tapered portion, a conical 'valve member telescoping with and rotatable upon the tapered portion of the nozzle and provided with air passages in its periphery extending lengthwise thereof and communicating with said chamber, there being fuel ports in the valve member communicating with the respective passages and co-operating with the ports in the nozzle, an air supply valve controlled in its operation by engine suction, and an operative connection between said air supply valve and the nozzle valve whereby upon operation of the former the latter will be oscillated to vary the effective openings of said ports.

7. A carburetor embodying liquid fuel atomizing means comprising a .chambered member having a central inlet opening in its bottom,` a nozzle having a conical extremity disposed below said chamber, projecting into the said opening and spaced from the wall thereof, fuel ports opening laterally through said tapered portion, a conical valve member telescoping with and rotatable upon the tapered portion of the nozzle and provided with air passages iny its periphery extending lengthwise thereof and communicating with said chamber, there being fuel ports in the valve member communicating with the respective passages and co-operating with the ports Y in the nozzle, resilient means for maintaning said nozzle and said valve chamber seated with respect to each other, an air supply valve controlled in its operation by engine suction, and means whereby the operation of said air supply valve will oscillate the nozzle valve member.

8. A carburetor embodying a casing having a throttle controlled outlet and a mixing chamber adjacent thereto, a nozzle within the casing, said nozzle embodying concentrically arranged members having tapered telescoping portions, the tapered portion of one of said members having a plurality of air passages opening into said mixing chamber and fuel ports opening into said passages, the other member having ports therethrough for co-operation with the ports in said passages, said members being oscillatable one with respect to the other to varyv the. effective openings of said ports, there being an opening whereby air may be supplied to said passages across said ports, means-responsive to engine sucl tion for supplying supplemental air to the mixfitted upon said conical extremity and with its periphery in close proximity to the said surface, there being air passages in the periphery of said valve member closed by said surface, said passages extending lengthwise of the valve member and being open at their ends, there being fuel ports in said valve member opening into their air passages and co-operating withthe fuel ports in the nozzle member, an air inlet supply valve responsive in its operation to engine suction, and an operative connection between the said air valve andthe nozzle valve member whereby when the air valve is, actuated the nozzle valve member will be correspondingly shifted to vary the effective opening of the fuel ports.

l0. A carburetor embodying fuel atomizing means comprising a mixing chamber, a fuel nozzle having fuel outlet ports out of direct line of suction in said chamber, a valve for controlling said ports and oscillatable on a vertical axis, means for directing currents of air across said ports for atomizing the fuel into said chamber, an air supply valve operated by engine suction, and means whereby the operation of said air supply valve will oscillate the first said valve to vary the effective size of the said fuel outlet ports.

1l. A carburetor embodying fuel atomizing means comprising a mixing chamber, a fuel nozzle having fuel outlet ports, said nozzle also embodying a valve member having fuel outlet ports for co-operation with therst recited ports, means for, directing air currents across said ports in clearly defined zones to atomize the fuel into said chamber, a supplemental air inlet supply valve operated by engine suction, said nozzle and said nozzle valve being relatively movable to vary the effective opening of said ports, and an operative connection between the said supplemental air inlet valve and the movable one of the nozzle members whereby upon operation of said air valve a relative movement of said nozzle members will be effected, the said connection embodying means whereby the extentvof relative movement of the nozzle and valve by said supplemental valve may be varied.

12. A carburetor embodying liquid fuel atomizing means comprising a member having an open mixing chamber therein and provided with an opening in the bottom thereof, a nozzle embodying two members fitted one within the other and provided with telescoping tapered portions, said members being oscillatable, one with respect to the other, fuel ports in the said tapered portions of said members and lcontrolled by said relative movement of the members, means whereby air currents will be passed over said ports to atomize the fuel into said chamber, means responsive to engine suction for relatively moving said nozzle members for automatically controlling the supply of fuel delivered to said chamber, and means for directing surplus fuel back into the first recited means.

13. A carburetor embodying fuel atomizing means comprising a mixing chamber, a fuel nozzle having fuel outlet ports, said nozzle also embodying a valve member having fuel outlet ports for co-operation with the first recited ports, means for directing 4air currents across said ports to atomize the fuel into said chamber, a supplemental air inlet supply valve operated by engine suction, said nozzle and said nozzle valve being relatively movable tovary the effective opening of said ports, an operative connection between the said supplemental air inlet valve and the movable one of the nozzle members whereby upon operation of said air valve a relative movement of said nozzle members will be effected, and means for varying the fixed relative position of the said supplemental air valve and the nozzle members.

1'4. A 4carburetor embodying liquid fuel atomizto and extending across the fuel ports in one of said members whereby air currents will be passed over said ports to atomize the fuel into said chamber, and means responsive to engine suction for relatively moving said nozzle members to automatically control the supply of fuel delivered to said chamber.

DORSAY MCCALL WHITE. 

